Overview
The cybersecurity landscape is continuously evolving with new threats emerging daily. One such security threat that has recently been identified is the CVE-2025-28035 vulnerability associated with TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102. This vulnerability is particularly threatening due to its pre-auth remote command execution nature via the setNoticeCfg function, which is processed through the NoticeUrl parameter. This implies that an attacker does not need authentication to exploit the system, making it an especially severe security concern.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-28035
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
No phone number, email, or personal info required.
Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK A830R | V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the setNoticeCfg function in TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102. More specifically, it is in the NoticeUrl parameter. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious request to this parameter. Since the vulnerability is pre-authentication, the attacker does not need any user credentials or privileges. If successful, the attacker can remotely execute commands, potentially leading to complete system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Given the nature of the vulnerability, an exploit could look something like this:
POST /setNoticeCfg HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "NoticeUrl": "1; /bin/sh -c 'command_here';" }In this example, the attacker is injecting a command (`command_here`) to be run on the server. The `1;` before the command ensures that the command will execute regardless of the previous command’s result.
Mitigation Advice
If you are using TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, it is advised to apply the vendor patch immediately to remediate this vulnerability. If a patch is not available or cannot be applied immediately, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these are just remedial actions and do not resolve the vulnerability. Thus, applying the vendor patch at the earliest is strongly recommended.
As always, stay vigilant and prioritize the security of your systems. Regularly update your systems, use reliable security tools, and follow recommended cybersecurity practices to minimize risks and protect your assets.