{"id":79394,"date":"2025-10-01T06:25:55","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T06:25:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-11T16:28:46","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T22:28:46","slug":"cve-2025-21488-rtp-packet-headers-exploit-leaks-sensitive-information","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-21488-rtp-packet-headers-exploit-leaks-sensitive-information\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-21488: RTP Packet Headers Exploit Leaks Sensitive Information<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE-2025-21488 is a severe and critical vulnerability that affects numerous systems globally. This vulnerability exists due to an information disclosure flaw while decoding RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) packet headers received by UE (User Equipment) from the network when the padding bit is set. Due to the ubiquity of RTP in IP-based network communication, this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47129-out-of-bounds-write-vulnerability-in-adobe-framemaker-with-potential-for-arbitrary-code-execution\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"86909\">vulnerability has the potential<\/a> to affect a vast number of systems across different industries. It&#8217;s critical because it allows unauthorized individuals to gain access to confidential information, resulting in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-26210-deepseek-xss-vulnerability-allows-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"86707\">potential system<\/a> compromise or data leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-21488<br \/>\nSeverity: High (8.2 CVSS v3)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Network<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: Information disclosure, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-48539-critical-out-of-bounds-read-in-acl-arbiter-cc-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"87353\">potential system<\/a> compromise, or data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3864627453\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p>Cisco IOS | All versions prior to patch<br \/>\nJuniper Router OS | All versions prior to patch<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The vulnerability <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-30256-denial-of-service-vulnerability-in-tenda-ac6-s-http-header-parsing-functionality\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"86847\">exploits a flaw in the processing of RTP packet<\/a> headers. When a malicious RTP packet with a set padding bit is sent to the target system, the system&#8217;s UE discloses <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-10264-critical-exposure-of-sensitive-information-in-digiever-nvr-models\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"89723\">sensitive information<\/a> during the decoding process. The attacker can then capture this information, leading to unauthorized <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-49401-critical-deserialization-of-untrusted-data-vulnerability-in-expresstech-systems-quiz-and-survey-master\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"87199\">system access or data<\/a> leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-4261234086\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Below is a conceptual example of a malicious RTP packet that might exploit this vulnerability:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">POST \/RTP_packet HTTP\/1.1\nHost: target.example.com\nContent-Type: application\/rtp\n{\n&quot;version&quot;: 2,\n&quot;padding&quot;: 1,\n&quot;extension&quot;: 0,\n&quot;csrc_count&quot;: 0,\n&quot;marker&quot;: 0,\n&quot;payload_type&quot;: 96,\n&quot;sequence_number&quot;: 65383,\n&quot;timestamp&quot;: 435293729,\n&quot;ssrc&quot;: 55543,\n&quot;payload&quot;: &quot;malicious_payload&quot;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>In the above example, the &#8220;padding&#8221; field is set to 1, which triggers the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-10034-d-link-dir-825-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"87489\">vulnerability in the target system<\/a>. The &#8220;payload&#8221; field contains the malicious payload that would be processed by the target system, leading to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2024-39335-critical-information-disclosure-vulnerability-in-mahara\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"89362\">disclosure of sensitive information<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation Guidance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended that users apply vendor-provided patches as soon as they become available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-57151-cross-site-scripting-vulnerability-in-phpgurukul-complaint-management-system-2-0\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"87794\">vulnerability underlines the importance of regularly updating and patching systems<\/a> to protect against potential threats.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview CVE-2025-21488 is a severe and critical vulnerability that affects numerous systems globally. This vulnerability exists due to an information disclosure flaw while decoding RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) packet headers received by UE (User Equipment) from the network when the padding bit is set. Due to the ubiquity of RTP in IP-based network communication, this [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[77,96,98],"product":[],"attack_vector":[],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-79394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","vendor-apple","vendor-cisco","vendor-juniper"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79394"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79394\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82570,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79394\/revisions\/82570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=79394"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=79394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}