{"id":69816,"date":"2025-09-02T13:28:38","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T13:28:38","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-16T14:34:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T20:34:52","slug":"cve-2025-46407-critical-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-sail-image-decoding-library","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-46407-critical-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-sail-image-decoding-library\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-46407: Critical Memory Corruption Vulnerability in SAIL Image Decoding Library<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The CVE-2025-46407 is a severe vulnerability that exists in the BMPv3 Palette Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. This vulnerability primarily affects applications and systems that use this library for processing BMPv3 images. The exploitation of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-21165-out-of-bounds-write-vulnerability-in-substance3d-designer-leading-to-arbitrary-code-execution\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77446\">vulnerability can lead to remote code<\/a> execution, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage. Given the widespread use of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-35984-critical-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-sail-image-decoding-library\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"90052\">image decoding<\/a> libraries in various applications, this vulnerability warrants immediate attention and remediation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-46407<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Remote<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: Required (An attacker will need to convince the library to read a malicious file)<br \/>\nImpact: Remote code execution, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-42950-sap-landscape-transformation-vulnerability-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77545\">potential system<\/a> compromise or data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-68763658\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 720px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center; letter-spacing: -0.02em;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 10px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 42px; height: 42px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    Share secrets securely\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 14px; color: #d1d5db;\">\r\n    Ameeba is private infrastructure for communication and sensitive work built on encrypted identity instead of exposed corporate identity systems.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 18px; color: #a1a1aa;\">\r\n    Passwords, credentials, confidential files, screenshots, internal discussions, sensitive AI context, and private coordination should not become exposed across ordinary communication platforms.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 24px; color: #e4e4e7;\">\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Private Spaces for organizations and teams<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, files, and notes<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Sensitive AI work and protected collaboration<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Built for information that cannot leak<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px; color: #ffffff;\">\r\n    Our mission is to secure human work alongside AI.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 500;\">\r\n      Download Ameeba\r\n    <\/a>\r\n\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 500;\">\r\n      Learn More\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-53510-critical-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-sail-image-decoding-library\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"89131\">SAIL Image Decoding<\/a> Library | v0.9.8<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The exploitation of this vulnerability requires a specially crafted .bmp file loaded into the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-44952-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-pfcp-library-of-open5gs-due-to-missing-length-check\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"78384\">SAIL Image Decoding<\/a> Library. An integer overflow can be triggered during the reading of the palette from the image, causing a heap-based <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-54878-heap-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-nasa-cryptolib\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77494\">buffer to overflow<\/a>. This overflow can corrupt memory and create conditions that allow remote <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-24298-arbitrary-code-execution-vulnerability-in-openharmony\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77770\">code execution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3537279453\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>The example below provides a conceptual idea of how a malicious .bmp file might be crafted and loaded into the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-54594-critical-vulnerability-in-react-native-bottom-tabs-library-allows-for-arbitrary-code-execution\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"82248\">library to exploit this vulnerability<\/a>. This is a high-level representation and not an actual exploit code.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\"># Create a malicious BMP file with a specially crafted palette\nmalicious_bmp = create_malicious_bmp()\n# Load the malicious BMP file into the SAIL Image Decoding Library\nsail_decoding_library.load(malicious_bmp)\ndef create_malicious_bmp():\n# Oversize the palette to trigger integer overflow\noversized_palette = generate_oversized_palette()\n# Create a BMP file with the oversized palette\nmalicious_bmp = BMP()\nmalicious_bmp.set_palette(oversized_palette)\nreturn malicious_bmp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Mitigation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Users of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-53085-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-sail-image-decoding-library\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"89142\">SAIL Image Decoding<\/a> Library v0.9.8 should apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2022-43110-critical-unauthenticated-remote-system-configuration-vulnerability-in-voltronic-power-viewpower-powershield-netguard\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"83112\">systems should be configured<\/a> to block or alert on attempts to load suspicious .bmp files.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview The CVE-2025-46407 is a severe vulnerability that exists in the BMPv3 Palette Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. This vulnerability primarily affects applications and systems that use this library for processing BMPv3 images. The exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to remote code execution, potentially compromising the system or leading to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[80],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-69816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-rce"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69816"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82934,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69816\/revisions\/82934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=69816"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=69816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}