{"id":56434,"date":"2025-07-01T12:51:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T12:51:45","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-21T17:37:27","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T23:37:27","slug":"cve-2025-49151-unauthenticated-attackers-can-forge-json-web-tokens-in-microsens-nmp-web","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-49151-unauthenticated-attackers-can-forge-json-web-tokens-in-microsens-nmp-web\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-49151: Unauthenticated Attackers Can Forge JSON Web Tokens in MICROSENS NMP Web+<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE-2025-49151 is a severe vulnerability found in MICROSENS NMP Web+, which allows unauthenticated attackers to forge JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and thereby bypass the authentication process. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to any organization utilizing MICROSENS NMP Web+, as it can lead to system compromise or data leakage. In this era of ever-evolving cyber threats, understanding such vulnerabilities and implementing effective mitigation measures is crucial to maintaining robust <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/introducing-the-ameeba-cybersecurity-group-chat\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"88421\">cybersecurity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-49151<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical, with a CVSS score of 9.1<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Network<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-32878-critical-vulnerability-in-coros-pace-3-devices-leads-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"63239\">Potential system<\/a> compromise or data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-80328129\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-49153-critical-vulnerability-in-microsens-nmp-web\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"64472\">MICROSENS NMP<\/a> Web+ | All versions prior to the patch<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-50201-critical-os-command-injection-vulnerability-in-wegia-web-manager\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"62899\">vulnerability lies in the handling of JSON Web<\/a> Tokens within the MICROSENS NMP Web+ system. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-42959-unauthenticated-replay-attack-exploiting-hmac-reuse\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"71265\">Attackers can exploit<\/a> this flaw by creating forged JWTs, which the system will accept as genuine. Given that JWTs are used to authenticate users, this allows attackers to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-32877-critical-authentication-bypass-vulnerability-in-coros-pace-3-devices\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"63238\">bypass authentication<\/a> measures without needing valid credentials. This can lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5071-unauthorized-access-and-data-modification-vulnerability-in-ai-engine-wordpress-plugin\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"62870\">unauthorized access<\/a> to the system, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-2458683299\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">POST \/vulnerable\/endpoint HTTP\/1.1\nHost: target.example.com\nContent-Type: application\/json\n{\n&quot;alg&quot;: &quot;none&quot;,\n&quot;typ&quot;: &quot;JWT&quot;\n}\n{\n&quot;sub&quot;: &quot;1234567890&quot;,\n&quot;name&quot;: &quot;John Doe&quot;,\n&quot;admin&quot;: true\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>In this example, the attacker creates a JWT with no algorithm (&#8220;alg&#8221;: &#8220;none&#8221;), effectively <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-32975-quest-kace-systems-management-appliance-authentication-bypass-vulnerability\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"64148\">bypassing the signature verification process and tricking the system<\/a> into thinking it&#8217;s a legitimate token.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation Measures<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The primary mitigation measure for CVE-2025-49151 is to apply the vendor&#8217;s patch. All organizations using MICROSENS NMP Web+ should apply this patch as soon as possible to protect their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5866-critical-vulnerability-in-rt-thread-5-1-0-potentially-leading-to-system-compromise-or-data-leakage\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"64149\">systems from potential<\/a> attacks.<br \/>\nIn situations where the patch cannot be immediately applied, temporary mitigation can be achieved using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can detect and block malicious activity, providing a layer of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-52950-unauthorized-access-exploitation-in-juniper-networks-security-director\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77850\">security against potential exploits<\/a>.<br \/>\nRemember, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-10057-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-wp-import-ultimate-csv-xml-importer-for-wordpress-plugin\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"90928\">vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-49151 highlight the importance<\/a> of a proactive approach to cybersecurity. Regularly monitoring for new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-48799-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-in-windows-update-service\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"77849\">vulnerabilities and promptly applying updates<\/a> and patches is crucial for protecting your systems against cyber threats.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview CVE-2025-49151 is a severe vulnerability found in MICROSENS NMP Web+, which allows unauthenticated attackers to forge JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and thereby bypass the authentication process. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to any organization utilizing MICROSENS NMP Web+, as it can lead to system compromise or data leakage. In this era of ever-evolving [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[75],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-56434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-authentication-bypass"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56434"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":83873,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56434\/revisions\/83873"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=56434"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=56434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}