{"id":53720,"date":"2025-06-20T12:54:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T12:54:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-28T12:32:33","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T18:32:33","slug":"cve-2025-47868-heap-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-apache-nuttx-rtos-repository","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47868-heap-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-apache-nuttx-rtos-repository\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-47868: Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Apache NuttX RTOS Repository<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the realm of cybersecurity, one of the significant and possibly dangerous vulnerabilities that has recently surfaced involves an Out-of-bounds Write which can result in a potential Heap-based Buffer Overflow. This vulnerability was discovered in the Apache NuttX RTOS repository, specifically in an optional standalone program, the tools\/bdf-converter font conversion utility. The risk factor is particularly potent for active <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-35451-unchangeable-hard-coded-credentials-in-ptzoptics-cameras-expose-users-to-data-leakage\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"88221\">users of the bdf-converter when exposed to externally provided user data<\/a>, such as in the case of publicly available automation. This issue could potentially compromise the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5853-critical-vulnerability-in-tenda-ac6-router-may-lead-to-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60043\">system or lead<\/a> to data leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-47868<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical (9.8)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Remote<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: Required<br \/>\nImpact: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5901-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-t10-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60515\">System compromise and potential<\/a> data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-2036350093\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47869-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-apache-nuttx-rtos\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"61562\">Apache NuttX<\/a> | 6.9 &#8211; 12.8.9<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-27818-critical-vulnerability-in-apache-kafka-enabling-java-deserialization-attacks\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60685\">vulnerability<\/a> resides in the tools\/bdf-converter font conversion utility of the Apache NuttX RTOS repository. The tool can suffer from an Out-of-bounds Write when handling externally provided user data, leading to a possible Heap-based <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5737-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-x15\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60021\">Buffer Overflow<\/a>.<br \/>\nWhen the bdf-converter <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-27052-memory-corruption-vulnerability-in-unix-clients-processing-data-packets\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"74121\">processes malicious payload present in the user data<\/a>, it can cause the program to write data beyond the intended boundary of a buffer. This could corrupt data, crash the program, or lead to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47163-unauthorized-code-execution-through-microsoft-sharepoint-deserialization-vulnerability\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60992\">execution of malicious code<\/a>. This type of attack can be initiated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-34509-hardcoded-user-account-in-sitecore-xm-and-xp-enabling-unauthenticated-remote-access\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"62793\">remotely and does not require any particular user<\/a> privileges, but it does require user interaction to be successful.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-4241863292\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Given the nature of the vulnerability, an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5353-local-authenticated-attacker-exploit-in-ivanti-workspace-control\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60993\">attacker might exploit<\/a> it by sending a crafted bdf file with malicious payload. The pseudocode might look something like this:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\"># Attacker crafts a malicious bdf file\necho &quot;malicious_payload&quot; &gt; malicious.bdf\n# Attacker sends the malicious bdf file to the target system\nscp malicious.bdf user@target_system:\/path\/to\/bdf-converter\/input\/\n# User on the target system unknowingly uses the malicious bdf file with the bdf-converter\nbdf-converter -i \/path\/to\/bdf-converter\/input\/malicious.bdf -o \/path\/to\/output<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Remember, this code is purely conceptual and serves to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-30330-heap-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-illustrator-versions-29-3-28-7-5-and-earlier\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"91683\">illustrate how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability<\/a>. Real-world exploits would likely be more complex and tailored to specific environments.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-5485-a-critical-vulnerability-pertaining-to-user-name-enumeration-in-web-management-interfaces\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"61563\">Users affected by this vulnerability<\/a> are strongly recommended to upgrade to version 12.9.0 of Apache NuttX, which contains a fix for the issue. Alternatively, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation until the patch can be applied.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview In the realm of cybersecurity, one of the significant and possibly dangerous vulnerabilities that has recently surfaced involves an Out-of-bounds Write which can result in a potential Heap-based Buffer Overflow. This vulnerability was discovered in the Apache NuttX RTOS repository, specifically in an optional standalone program, the tools\/bdf-converter font conversion utility. The risk factor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[103],"product":[],"attack_vector":[86],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-53720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","vendor-apache","attack_vector-buffer-overflow"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53720"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":84852,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53720\/revisions\/84852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=53720"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=53720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}