{"id":34255,"date":"2025-05-02T20:47:24","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T20:47:24","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-05-17T23:01:43","modified_gmt":"2025-05-17T23:01:43","slug":"cve-2025-3991-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-n150rt-3-4-0-b20190525","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-3991-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-n150rt-3-4-0-b20190525\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-3991: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This blog post delves into the intricacies of the critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-3991, identified in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. This vulnerability, which affects an unspecified component of the file \/boafrm\/formWdsEncrypt, has been classified as critical, with a high CVSS severity score of 8.8. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28034-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-wireless-routers\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39469\">vulnerability can be exploited remotely<\/a>, leading to a buffer overflow caused by improper handling of the &#8216;submit-url&#8217; argument. This poses a significant risk to users as it opens up a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-32857-sql-injection-vulnerability-in-telecontrol-server-basic-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39791\">potential gateway to system<\/a> compromise or data leakage.<br \/>\nGiven the severity of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2023-44755-critical-sql-injection-vulnerability-in-sacco-management-system-v1-0\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39614\">vulnerability and the number of systems<\/a> potentially at risk, understanding the underlying mechanisms of this exploit, and the necessary mitigation techniques is of paramount importance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-3991<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Remote<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-3914-potential-arbitrary-file-uploads-and-system-compromise-in-aeropage-sync-for-airtable-wordpress-plugin\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40801\">System compromise<\/a> and possibility of data leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-2291913911\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-4462-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-n150rt-3-4-0-b20190525\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"45279\">TOTOLINK N150RT<\/a> | 3.4.0-B20190525<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The exploit takes advantage of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28039-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39510\">vulnerability in the file \/boafrm\/formWdsEncrypt of TOTOLINK<\/a> N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. It manipulates the &#8216;submit-url&#8217; argument, causing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28024-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-a810r-v4-1-2cu-5182-b20201026\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39554\">buffer overflow<\/a>. The buffer overflow can lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2024-40446-arbitrary-code-execution-vulnerability-in-forkosh-mime-tex\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39863\">execution of arbitrary code<\/a> or denial of service. Furthermore, the fact that the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28038-critical-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39656\">vulnerability can be exploited remotely<\/a> without any user interaction or privileges adds to its severity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3294806636\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>To provide a conceptual illustration, the following HTTP request may be used by an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-3200-unauthenticated-remote-attacker-exploiting-insecure-tls-protocols\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40800\">attacker to exploit<\/a> the vulnerability. This example only demonstrates the type of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-47462-cross-site-request-forgery-vulnerability-in-ohidul-islam-challan-leading-to-privilege-escalation\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"43680\">request that could lead<\/a> to an exploit and does not represent an actual exploit code.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">POST \/boafrm\/formWdsEncrypt HTTP\/1.1\nHost: target.example.com\nContent-Type: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\nsubmit-url=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>In this example, the &#8216;submit-url&#8217; argument is filled with a long string of &#8216;A&#8217;s that could overflow the buffer and potentially lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-45428-remote-arbitrary-code-execution-vulnerability-in-tenda-ac9-v1-0-firmware\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40046\">execution of arbitrary code<\/a> or denial of service.<br \/>\nPlease note that this is a conceptual example and actual exploitation would likely involve more complex manipulations. It&#8217;s also important to remember that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-31478-zulip-server-vulnerability-allowing-unauthorized-account-creation\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40313\">unauthorized exploitation of vulnerabilities<\/a> is illegal and unethical.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Impact<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Successful exploitation of this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-32849-vulnerability-in-telecontrol-server-basic-leads-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39113\">vulnerability can lead to a total system compromise and potential<\/a> data leakage. The attacker could potentially <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-43946-critical-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-tcpwave-ddi\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40335\">execute arbitrary code<\/a> or cause denial of service.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation Guidance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may serve as a temporary mitigation measure. Regular monitoring of systems for any unusual activity can also help in early detection and prevention of potential exploits.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview This blog post delves into the intricacies of the critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-3991, identified in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. This vulnerability, which affects an unspecified component of the file \/boafrm\/formWdsEncrypt, has been classified as critical, with a high CVSS severity score of 8.8. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely, leading to a buffer overflow caused by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[86,87],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-34255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-buffer-overflow","attack_vector-dos"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34255"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40487,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34255\/revisions\/40487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=34255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}