{"id":33267,"date":"2025-04-28T22:51:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T22:51:30","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-06-25T05:34:49","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T11:34:49","slug":"cve-2025-28036-critical-vulnerability-in-totolink-a950rg-enables-remote-command-execution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28036-critical-vulnerability-in-totolink-a950rg-enables-remote-command-execution\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-28036: Critical Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A950RG Enables Remote Command Execution<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving with new threats and vulnerabilities discovered every day. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-28036, was discovered in TOTOLINK A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903. This vulnerability, if exploited, allows <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2024-53303-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-lrqa-nettitude-poshc2\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"38062\">remote command execution<\/a> on the affected device. It is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28038-critical-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39653\">critical issue as it affects TOTOLINK<\/a> A950RG routers, commonly used in home and small business environments. The exploit enables potential system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/homeland-security-cybersecurity-breach-unveiling-the-threat-and-safeguarding-the-future\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"38034\">threat to the security<\/a> and privacy of users.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-28036<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: Network<br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: System Compromise, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2023-50612-escalation-of-privileges-and-data-leakage-in-fit2cloud-cloud-explorer-lite\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"41292\">Data Leakage<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3173055521\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 720px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center; letter-spacing: -0.02em;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 10px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 42px; height: 42px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    Share secrets securely\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 14px; color: #d1d5db;\">\r\n    Ameeba is private infrastructure for communication and sensitive work built on encrypted identity instead of exposed corporate identity systems.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 18px; color: #a1a1aa;\">\r\n    Passwords, credentials, confidential files, screenshots, internal discussions, sensitive AI context, and private coordination should not become exposed across ordinary communication platforms.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 24px; color: #e4e4e7;\">\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Private Spaces for organizations and teams<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, files, and notes<\/li>\r\n    <li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2022 Sensitive AI work and protected collaboration<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Built for information that cannot leak<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px; color: #ffffff;\">\r\n    Our mission is to secure human work alongside AI.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 500;\">\r\n      Download Ameeba\r\n    <\/a>\r\n\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 500;\">\r\n      Learn More\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p>TOTOLINK A950RG | V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28034-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-wireless-routers\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39448\">vulnerability lies in the setNoticeCfg function of the TOTOLINK<\/a> A950RG&#8217;s firmware. This function can be accessed without any authentication, and the NoticeUrl parameter is susceptible to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-29659-critical-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-yi-iot-xy-3820\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"38176\">remote command execution<\/a>. An attacker can send a crafted <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-4827-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-http-post-request-handler\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"50949\">HTTP request<\/a> with malicious commands to the NoticeUrl parameter, which the function will execute. This gives the attacker the ability to execute arbitrary commands on the device, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28197-ssrf-vulnerability-in-crawl4ai-leading-to-potential-system-compromise\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"37938\">potentially leading to system<\/a> compromise or data leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-3298777921\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>A conceptual example of exploiting this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-1305-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability-in-newsblogger-wordpress-theme\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"42571\">vulnerability might look like the following HTTP request<\/a>, where &#8220;{malicious_command}&#8221; represents an attacker&#8217;s command:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">POST \/setNoticeCfg HTTP\/1.1\nHost: vulnerable_router\nContent-Type: application\/json\n{ &quot;NoticeUrl&quot;: &quot;{malicious_command}&quot; }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>In this example, the malicious_command is injected into the NoticeUrl parameter of the setNoticeCfg function, which, due to the vulnerability, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28039-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39502\">executes the command<\/a>. This can lead to a range of harmful actions, from unauthorized <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/doge-s-access-to-federal-data-a-cybersecurity-concern\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"38414\">data access<\/a> to a complete system compromise.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation Guidance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Users of affected versions of the TOTOLINK A950RG should apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, users are advised to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. These can help <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-45984-critical-command-injection-vulnerability-detected-in-blink-routers\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"61351\">detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability<\/a>. Additionally, users should always ensure their devices are running the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/ai-cybersecurity-firm-cloudsek-secures-usd-19-mn-in-latest-funding-round\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"49211\">latest firmware versions to protect against potential security<\/a> threats.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving with new threats and vulnerabilities discovered every day. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-28036, was discovered in TOTOLINK A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903. This vulnerability, if exploited, allows remote command execution on the affected device. It is a critical issue as it affects TOTOLINK A950RG routers, commonly used in home and small business [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[80],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-33267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-rce"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33267"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55027,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33267\/revisions\/55027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=33267"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=33267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}