{"id":32882,"date":"2025-04-28T02:42:04","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T02:42:04","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-09-08T04:18:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T10:18:59","slug":"cve-2025-28034-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-wireless-routers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28034-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-wireless-routers\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>CVE-2025-28034: Remote Command Execution Vulnerability in TOTOLINK Wireless Routers<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In this blog post, we are going to discuss a critical cybersecurity vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-28034, which poses a significant threat to a series of wireless routers produced by TOTOLINK. The affected products, due to a flaw in the NTPSyncWithHost function, have been found susceptible to pre-auth remote command execution attacks, which could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-4954-critical-file-upload-vulnerability-in-axle-demo-importer-wordpress-plugin\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60729\">vulnerability is of paramount importance<\/a> and requires immediate attention and mitigation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vulnerability Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CVE ID: CVE-2025-28034<br \/>\nSeverity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)<br \/>\nAttack Vector: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-52723-php-remote-file-inclusion-vulnerability-in-networker-software\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"65846\">Remote Network<\/a><br \/>\nPrivileges Required: None<br \/>\nUser Interaction: None<br \/>\nImpact: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/yale-new-haven-health-system-data-breach-a-comprehensive-analysis-of-a-cybersecurity-breach-impacting-5-5-million-patients\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39501\">System compromise or data<\/a> leakage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affected Products<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-1572667701\" class=\"ameeb-content-2 ameeb-entity-placement\"><div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #555; padding-left: 20px; margin: 48px 0; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 700px;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"margin-top: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-right: 8px;\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Best-App-icon-Ameeba.png\" alt=\"Ameeba Chat Icon\" style=\"width: 40px; height: 40px;\" \/>\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    A new way to communicate\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\r\n    Ameeba Chat is built on encrypted identity, not personal profiles.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;\">\r\n    Message, call, share files, and coordinate with identities kept separate.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <ul style=\"list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\r\n    <li>\u2022 Encrypted identity<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Ameeba Chat authenticates access<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Aliases and categories<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, and files<\/li>\r\n    <li>\u2022 Secure notes for sensitive information<\/li>\r\n  <\/ul>\r\n\r\n  <p style=\"font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\r\n    Private communication, rethought.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n\r\n  <div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\/download\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Download Ameeba Chat<\/a>\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/chat\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 500;\">Learn More<\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Product | Affected Versions<\/p>\n<p>TOTOLINK A800R | V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28024-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-a810r-v4-1-2cu-5182-b20201026\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39585\">TOTOLINK A810R<\/a> | V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026<br \/>\nTOTOLINK A830R | V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28036-critical-vulnerability-in-totolink-a950rg-enables-remote-command-execution\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40091\">TOTOLINK A950RG<\/a> | V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903<br \/>\nTOTOLINK A3000RU | V5.9c.5185_B20201128<br \/>\nTOTOLINK A3100R | V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129<\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Exploit Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-49661-untrusted-pointer-dereference-vulnerability-in-windows-ancillary-function-driver-for-winsock\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"80419\">vulnerability resides in the NTPSyncWithHost function<\/a>, which can be exploited through the hostTime parameter. An attacker can send a specially <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-24189-memory-corruption-vulnerability-due-to-maliciously-crafted-web-content-in-various-operating-systems\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"52233\">crafted request with malicious<\/a> commands to this parameter. Since the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28039-pre-auth-remote-command-execution-vulnerability-in-totolink-ex1200t\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"39500\">vulnerability is pre-auth<\/a>, the attacker doesn&#8217;t need any authentication details to execute this attack. Once the malicious request is processed, the router <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-29209-unauthenticated-arbitrary-command-execution-in-totolink-x18\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"37394\">executes the commands<\/a>, leading to a potential system compromise or data leakage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conceptual Example Code<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"ameeb-1682591903\" class=\"ameeb-content ameeb-entity-placement\"><div class=\"poptin-embedded\" data-id=\"f6b387694f681\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n<p>Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This example demonstrates a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-4829-critical-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-totolink-http-post-request-handler\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"52232\">POST request<\/a> with a malicious payload.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">POST \/NTPSyncWithHost HTTP\/1.1\nHost: vulnerable_router_ip\nContent-Type: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\nhostTime=;rm%20-rf%20\/*;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>In the above example, the malicious payload `;rm%20-rf%20\/*;` is URL-encoded and is equivalent to `;rm -rf \/*;` in shell command, which aims to delete all <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2023-43958-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability-in-hospital-management-system-v4-0\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"40092\">files in the system<\/a>. The semicolons before and after the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/cve-2025-28231-unauthorized-command-execution-in-itel-electronics-ip-stream\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"37662\">command ensure that it&#8217;s executed<\/a> regardless of the original function of the hostTime parameter.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview In this blog post, we are going to discuss a critical cybersecurity vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-28034, which poses a significant threat to a series of wireless routers produced by TOTOLINK. The affected products, due to a flaw in the NTPSyncWithHost function, have been found susceptible to pre-auth remote command execution attacks, which could potentially [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"vendor":[],"product":[],"attack_vector":[80],"asset_type":[],"severity":[],"exploit_status":[],"class_list":["post-32882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","attack_vector-rce"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32882","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32882"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32882\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72839,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32882\/revisions\/72839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"vendor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vendor?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"attack_vector","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/attack_vector?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"asset_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asset_type?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"severity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/severity?post=32882"},{"taxonomy":"exploit_status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ameeba.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exploit_status?post=32882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}